role of local Government f service quality delivery situation, quality of service is critical to the victory of any local government. Jan, 2024
CHAPTER ONE
INTRODUCTION
this chapter covers the following sections background of the study, problem of the study, objective of the study, scope of the study, research questions, significance of the study and conceptual frame work.
Background of the Study
According to Nguyen (2018), defined the provision of high-quality services based on need. This definition means that the local government requirements should be defined and specific references. Once these requirements and design specifications are defined, the purpose of the various function standards of the local government is to adhere severely to them. Quality is also defined from a different perspective than the customer. It means quality, usability, customer satisfaction, process, process design, quality and compliance.
In today’s more and more competitive local government of service quality delivery situation, quality of service is critical to the victory of any local government. The quality of service provided is a significant feature that impacts the competitiveness of the local government. Local governments need to constantly improve service quality, as there is no guarantee that the current high- quality service will be applied in the future. Therefore, local governments need to develop new strategies to provide quality services to meet the needs of their users and gain a greater competitive advantage over their competitors (Richards, 2011).
The view is strongly expressed that efforts were made to prevent a situation where Somalia continued to be integrated into the global system basically as producers of inexpensive primary commodities and consumers of finished products and services from the industrial world negating local efforts to develop and make a contribution in any other way ( (Chris, Chris, 1991))
The situation in Africa since independence has demonstrated, unmitigated concentration of power around the center such that a relationship of patronage exists between the center and the local authorities and their populations not only stunts local initiatives, but also suffocates local potential for economic development and social transformation. In addition, capacity of the central government to provide for all the necessities of the population throughout the country is badly over-stretched and can no longer be relied upon to inspire development for any community (Ellis, 1996).
The Somali local government until 1973, the country was divided into eight regions, each headed by an official chosen by the central government. The regions were subdivided into 48 districts, headed by district commissioners also appointed by the government. There were 83 municipalities and sub- municipalities. The powers of the municipal councils included local taxation, town planning, registry and census, public services, and approval of the local budget. The major educational, economic and social services were financed and maintained by the central government, which also exerted supervisory control over the municipal councils through its power to remove mayors and to dissolve the councils. In 1973, restructuring increased the number of regions from 8 to 16 regions and the whole number of districts to 80. In 1986 there were 18 regions, each governed by a regional revolutionary council, the members of which were ~ appointed by the president
Local governance is one of the actors involved in governance vary depending on the level of government that is under discussion influences decision-making,
particularly in urban areas and at the national level, democratic Governance may play a vital role in participation and service delivery (Albert, 1999).
In today’s competitive and rapidly moving world, local governments lose so many citizens because of the poor quality of public services they provide for these products, but rather, because of the quality and/or lack of products and the lack of ability to provide quality service. A service local government is essential to offer quality service and its safety (Poister & Harris, 1996). Municipalities are one of the clients serving the worlds in public sector. Municipalities provide a variety of services such as parking, environmental monitoring, economic recovery, city police, transportation services, health services, taxation, city management and Service quality of service delivery (Glaser & Hildreth, 1999).
In Somalia, the local Governments service has received many complaints from customers that did not indicate the quality they were paying for. This is mainly due to the poor quality of service. Subscribers complain about the quality of various services offered by local governments. According to Santos (2003), service quality is very important, and organizations should pay special attention to it to reduce competition. Service delivery, in particular, helps ensure the success of competitive services. Competitive services are slightly different from many companies that offer similar services, such as the way local governments sell services. The only difference might be quality. This differentiation can lead to higher financial success or consumer failure(Franca & Agu, 2013).It is important to have plans to continually improve the customer experience in order to retain customers who can benefit from it, build a good image, lead the market, and build loyalty (Kugytė & Šliburytė, 2005). According to Zeithaml, Berry, and Parasuraman (1988).
Statement of the Problem
The local government of Garowe district is one of the local governments of the Puntland government whose services are visible in the capital of Puntland such as the road system, road lighting and road reforestation. After that, there are many Gaps that delayed the provision of services and did not provide those services as expected. Road jams are one of the challenges that the local government has never solved because of the large number of public transports, including public motorcycles, and the sewage system that the community faces is one of the problems, Most of the rainy season there is mud and pollution on the roads as well as water stagnation in public places such as markets and roads which the local government has not found any solution and is a threat to the environment and public safety, Solid waste management is one of the challenges placed the services provided by the local government, many times dry waste can be seen in public places which is not illegally placed.
The social security services provided by the local government are slow, which can be explained by the fact that in cases of urgent aid, such as house and market fires, they do not have enough vehicles or are available at the same time.
The researcher in this study emphasize to investigate the role of local government and service delivery in Puntland Somalia.
General Objective
The general objective of the study is to investigate the role of local government on the service of delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
Specific Objectives
⦁ To examine the effect of local governance capacity building on public service deliver in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
⦁ To determine the level of public service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
⦁ To establish if there is a significant relationship between the level of local governance and effective public service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
Research Questions
⦁ What is the level of capacity building on service deliver in Garowe Puntland, Somalia?
⦁ What is the level of service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia?
⦁ Is there is a significant relationship between the level of local governance and effective public service delivery Garowe Puntland, Somalia?
Conceptual Framework
Scope of the Study
Content of the Scope
This study will focus on the local government and service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
Geographical Scope
This study was carried out in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
Time of the Scope
This study was conducted from April 2024 to August 2024.
Significance of the Study
This study will helpful to local administrators in the selected local governance in Nugaal region Puntland Somalia in coming up with decision concern their local administrators. The study will useful to service delivery managers and the departments of Nugaal Regional Administrators. The study will also constructive to future researchers as references for people who done further research in this topic or related subject matter.
The local governance officials in Nugaal region and its departments by knowing their weakness of administration and gaps that existing and way forward.
The researchers, the community, persons who are involved the study has getting the information and literature review related on local governance and effective service delivery in Nugaal regionSomalia Government ministers and other institutions have knowing the development planning and gaps existence in the administration and service delivery of public administration.
The scholars and those who involved public service, the readers gotten information of how to effective in their managing of local public serving.
Government institutions and donors are those who always involved in serving and development so they are very interested the documents, researches and all information related local governance and public service management
CHAPTER TWO
LITRATURE
Introduction
This chapter provides existing literature about local governance and public service management in relation to the delivery effectiveness
Local Government
Governance system differ from one state to another depending on the politics in each state, its social economic and cultural development, and other historical factor, symmetry in the form and the content of relation between local governance units or between units and central authority is rare.
Local government embodies decentralizations and it is essentially a system allows citizens to run their own local affairs. It should therefore be based on a set of principles and objectives as preconditions for applying decentralizations and the goals for local governance set by the state and local communities (Angel et al 2019).
Legal support
Local Government has in essence been enshrined into all constitutions in the Somalia (2008) as the Comprehensive Peace Agreement (CPA) in Djibouti commits governments in the Somalia to adopt federal decentralization policies. Further, the adoption of such policies is affirmed by the Interim National Constitution of the Somalia (INCS) which recognizes four levels of government (State and Local Government) to which authority is devolved to share power and wealth in the context of the Somalia. In conformity with the INCS the constitutions of states in
Somalia affirm decentralization as a policy issue to be adhered to in the practice of governance within their own jurisdictions. But practice in Africa and elsewhere shows that the enshrinement of local government into the constitution as the case in the Somalia is not sufficient in itself unless the affirmative action required to launch decentralization policies by the Governments of the National Unity and the and other states like Somaliland is consciously taken to drive the course of effective transfer of power to sub-national governments is undertaken with zeal and vigor Nonthe-less, the experience of Somaliland so far (1991- 2012) raises the issue of political will to adopt and implement any form of a meaningful decentralization policy into question mark. In this case a meaningful decentralization policy that puts the effective transfer of power into the plat forms of the States pre-supposes the clear articulation of such constitutional principles like the Self-rule for the People and detailed specification of the roles of states. State and Local government in the achievement of the Millennium Development Goals (MDG5) in a decentralization policy document or a Blue Print to emphasize government commitment to the devolution of authority and power to Local Authorities for effective organization of local government in Somaliland and punt land While it may be true that “local governments act more in accordance with the needs and priorities of local communities than would higher authorities (Jeni Klugman 1994), local governance on its part requires that even higher authorities in accomplishing their share of the job, work in accordance to the laws, needs and priorities of the local community in close partnership with them
The past decade has witnessed a resurgence of interest in the issue of capacity development and with it the redefinition of the concept, with the intent of moving away from the traditional acceptance of capacity development based on technical training and foreign expertise and to capture the concept in its complexity and entirety. There is some evidence (Wade, 1987; Bardhan, 1993; Baland and Platteau, 1995 and 1999) of successful co -operation within locall8 communities in the management of common property resources. This is because in small groups with similar needs, shared norms and patterns of reciprocity monitoring is facilitated and sanctions are easier to implement. Thus, conserving and maintaining common resources that are vital for the poor may be better achieved by devolution of power to these communities. There are also a number of cases showing that centralized bureaucracies have failed in important functions. Small autonomous communities show better results than central bureaucracies in the maintenance of crucial infrastructure, such as irrigation schemes (Baland, 1995).
Rule of law
The term to mean independent, efficient, and accessible judicial and legal system with a government that applies fair and equitable laws equally consistently, coherently, and prospectively to its entire people. UNOCHA (2010) states that more importantly though, the spirit of the local government laws and regulations expected of its legislations is that of the concern for “giving to the people their peace dividend” One year on the peace dividends known to the people are the gun silence and the existence of governments in the Somalia but no change in service delivery nor in the status of their local institutions of government as the majority of the local government councils if not all have statically remained non functional. This situation can only change with full
commitment to the implementation of the Local Government Act, 2009 for Somalia as the law that regulates all aspects of local government required for the initial establishment of local government in the Benadir. To be effective however, the Act will have to be supported with the legislation of such other complements like the Public Service rules and regulations, financial rules and regulations, Public Accounts procedures and Tax schedules, Office Routine rules and regulations, Codes of Professional Ethics, to mention but few (UNOCHA 2010)
Effective Public Service Delivery
Around the world, developing and developed countries alike have observed that decentralized service delivery can result in quicker gains than with centralized systems. It is important to note that the national governments have several options in this regard. (UNCDF, 2011). In many countries, central government ministries responsible for service delivery have created field offices and delegated more decisions and resources to their local staff—a process referred to as deconcentration. In principle, a well-deconcentrated government system is able to increase the total amount of resources available for pro-poor public services and can allocate these resources across the national stage in accordance with where local needs are greatest. Yet while deconcentrated units are potentially able to adopt more efficient management practices and link more closely with local stakeholders, they are unable to achieve the same degree of responsiveness and downward accountability that is possible in a public sector where public services are delivered by elected local governments.
The strongest form of decentralization is achieved by employing devolution, in which elected local governments are empowered, either by the acknowledgement of general competences in certain policy areas, or by the transfer of specific service delivery functions. The global trend has been toward the development of elected forms of local government that have, in addition to
their vertical accountability, a strong public service delivery role and direct accountability to its citizens. Where devolution is the chosen mode, central authorities typically retain some involvement over the functions assigned to the local level (for instance, by setting national service delivery standards, supervising and providing support), but still grant the local governments the main responsibility of providing the public service. The weight of public service responsibilities and the degree of autonomy acquired by local government varies greatly from country to country.
There is widespread acknowledgment that local governments are well situated, but need to be more empowered to make a contribution to the achievement of the society. Local governments that are large, urban, well established and have a productive economic base are in the forefront of this effort Conversely, new, small and poorly supported local governments struggle to take on meaningful service functions.
Levels of public service delivery
Although central governments have a crucial role in achieving sustainable human development and reducing poverty, they cannot achieve these goals alone.
Effective governance in a global society implies cooperation or partnerships in which national governments work collaboratively with lower levels of public administration, the local governance, the private sector, organizations of civil society, other states, and international organizations through democratic, transparent, and participative processes. “Reconceptualizing Governance,” New York: UNDP (1997.)
Availability, it refers to the physical access or reachable of services that meet a minimum standard. The latter often requires specification in terms of the
elements of service delivery such as basic equipment, drugs and commodities, health workforce (presence and training), and guidelines for treatment. This can only be obtained by facility visits, using standardized data collection instruments. Data on the population distribution are required to estimate physical access. More precise estimates of physical access use travel time (and costs) rather than distance, but are difficult to measure.
Affordability refers to the ability of the client to pay for the services. Data can be collected by facility visits or by household interviews. The latter is likely to be a more accurate reflection of what the consumer paid. The extent to which the service is affordable depends on the clients’ ability to pay which complicates measurement.
Accessibility; service delivery predominantly has a socio-psychological dimension which can best be measured through household surveys. Client exit interviews are a biased sample as those who stay away from the facility because of soclo-cultural barriers will be missed. These dimensions of access are a pre- condition for quality (Oates, 1972)
Local Governance and Accountability in Delivery Service
It is argued that the delivery of services needs strong relationships of accountability between the actors in the service delivery schema. The delivery of public services involves at least two relationships of accountability. (i) Clients as citizens have ~to hold policy makers or politicians accountable for allocating resources towards these services and; (ii) policymakers in return need to hold the service providers accountable for delivering the service. (Ahmed et al, 2005) refer to this as the “long route of accountability” as opposed to the “shot route” which connotes the direct responsibility.
Contemporary of local governance
make a fundamental distinction between governance and local governance. While both concepts involve intentional behavior on the part of an organization and its members to achieve certain goals (for example, an international organization creating a new human rights policy), local governance is a broader concept than government.( IMF 1996) governments have the formal authority to act; they also have powers to enforce compliance with their activities, rules, and policies. In particular, governments have, and exercise, police power. In contrast, the broader concept of local governance describes the way in which an organization/local institution chooses to engage in certain activities backed by goals shared by its constituents. Often, these activities do not derive from legal or formal responsibilities of the organization. This is not to say that international organizations have no power to require compliance; their powers are different than those of national or local governances. For instance, the World Bank can suspend a loan to a borrowing country that has deviated from the terms of its loan agreement with the Bank. The various theories of local governance all observe the difference between the concepts of governance from government. (World Bank, 2006)
The Relationship between local governance and public service delivery
local governance in the provision of public services has become an increasingly relied institutional arrangement aimed to improve pro-poor delivery (World Bank, 2004), the effects of local governance on public service delivery are theoretically ambiguous. On the one hand, local governance may bring decision-making closer to people, so local preferences can be better reflected in policies (Oates, 1972). On the other hand, local governance may degrade public service provision when local governments are less efficient than central governments (Smith, 1985). In this regard, the relatively scarce empirical evidence provides findings confirming such theoretical ambiguity. However, the
role that the efficiency of newly decentralized local governments plays in the quality of public service delivery remains an important open question
Service Delivery
DFID-UK (2005) defines service delivery as a process between a provider and a client or target group that creates benefits by facilitating a change in the client(s), a change in their physical possessions, or a change in their intangible assets. Service delivery to citizens may be considered from the standpoint of two types of decentralization that guided by the principle of subsidiary; and that guided by the principle of management by results. Some services are best delivered at the national level; others at the regional level; and many at the grass- roots level where the consumers of those services are located. The concept of service delivery to citizens forces actors (e.g. local governments, groups of affected citizens) to focus on exactly what the sub-national government intends or plans to provide, and what the citizens expect to get in terms of the quantity and quality of services rendered
In summary, Kimenyi (2004) found out that in the context of an increasingly globalizing world, challenges and requirements of capacity building for local governance should always be analyzed and diagnosed taking into account the full range of stakeholders and actors analysis at community, local, national, regional and international level. Such an analysis should always be conducted in a participate manner to make the stakeholders and actors involved in local governance to share a common understanding of one another’s strengths and weakness. This would in turn facilitate the process of cooperation, harmonization, and synergy in capacity building activities. The framework given in the globalization world was used by the author to conduct a governance capacity assessment in Uganda, Rwanda, Liberia, and Tanzania and was found to be very useful.
Agrawal (1999) found out that most poor populations are quick to agitate for participation but when it reaches the level of participating in the financing they still want some donor or central government to foot the whole bill. Central government on its part gets money from taxes paid by the people. But however efficient and effective a tax system is, if it is taxing a poor population, it will yield poor revenues. There is a limit beyond which a hungry person can milk a hungry cow. The fundamental problem with most African societies is that they suffer from double weakness. Their central and local governments are weak while at the same time their private and civil society sectors are also weak (vertical and horizontal weakness). This double weakness is not only in terms of Agrawal (1999) found out that most poor populations are quick to agitate
According to the USAID Somalia Local Government Assessment (2009), the CPA, the Republic of Somalia Interim National Draft Constitution, the Interim Constitution of Somalia (ICS), and the Local Government Act of 2008 clearly state that the states has a three—tier structure: Government of Somalia, which is central, the local state governments and “local governments” within each
state. Counties are in effect the third tier of government and are subsequently formed by payams and bomas. As the legislation currently stands states have a large degree of autonomy from the GOSS, as the legislation truly describes decentralized states in all three spheres (political, financial and administrative). The 2009 Local Government Act demonstrates interest in deepening political decentralization through implementing elections for a four-year period of the county commissioners (mayors) and members of the legislative councils. This Act also shows the intention to advance the professionalization of the civil service by appointing chief administrators that are required to be career officers with university degrees (USAID, 2009).
According to SAGE (1990) says that African national governments have to be urged and encouraged to acknowledge the right of the local population to local self government as the surest way to satisfy their needs through their efforts. The national governments in Africa have to recognize their limitations in terms of resources and capacity to mobilize.
the population sufficiently enough to transform the living conditions in the society without further delay. Second the adoption of the World. It seems remarkable that local developments gain significance and expansion while globalization expands. They gain significance as an alternative to the state, which in turn changes its significance. They gain expansion because aspects of society traditionally not in the scope of local dimensions are now permeating into local developments (Hinz and Gatter 2006:8). The inexorability of globalization is irrefutable, still globalization cannot succeed without functioning states. Disempowered states are of little value to globalization. They must have the, capacity to act and react, particularly if globalization should affect their independence and autonomy to decide on their own fate (Hinz and Gatter 2006:72)
Public service delivery remains a challenge in most of African countries. In spite of this negative picture, there are countries that strive to establish adequate systems of local government in order to improve public services delivery. Amongst those countries one can cite the cases of Uganda and South Africa which represent cases of best practices in their respective regions namely: the Great Lakes region and the Southern African region.
Service delivery as a public service management issue has taken centre stage as the country and its state organizations strive towards providing better life for all. More emphasis is put on the quality of service delivered to the general public and the other clients receiving any form of service from government organizations. Hussey (199:3) contends that customer expectations continue to rise, requiring more attention to service and quality.
Research gap
The current situation of local government service delivery in Garowe is not well understood. There is a need to examine the actual role that the local government in Garowe plays in the delivery of public services to the community. The research gap focuses on gaining a better understanding of the current state of affairs – how effective is the local government in Garowe at providing key services to residents, what are the challenges they face, and what opportunities exist to improve service delivery at the local level. Exploring this topic could provide insights into the capacity, resources, and processes of the Garowe local government and how it is performing its duties to meet the needs of the local population. Filling this research gap could inform efforts to strengthen local governance and enhance public service provision in the city.
CHAPTER THREE
METHODOLOGY
Research Design
The research design was used Descriptive Design the characteristics of respondents and correlation in an attempt to collect data from members of a population in order to determine the current status of that population in respect to one or more variables. Survey research is therefore a adopted of this study which requires the collection of Quantitative research information from the Sample Data.
Research Population
The study was conducted in Garowe Puntland. Population study will be (100) respondents. The target population was the local government officials and civilians. So, the researcher selected local government departments to collect the data from the population of the study which is 100 individuals were chosen as local govenment administrators and some of the population sample of this study. The reason of chosen local govenment administrators in Garowe because it is the capital city of Puntland Somalia and most peaceful comparing other regions, the most population living in this region have right to participated the decisions and service delivery and also in this region has active developments of public service delivery, It comprised of both male and female respondents including educated plus experienced respondents.
Sample Size
The researchers was used method of Slovene’s Formula for selecting sample size from the population to selecting the sample size; so the researcher selected 80 respondents for data collection. (Pearce, 1998), “if the sample is selected properly, the information collected about the sample may be used to make statements about the whole population”. Therefore, the researcher’s respondents selected are sufficient to determine the outcomes of the study.
The researcher was used Slovene’s formula
N
N= 100, (e) = 5% n=? n 1 ( 2 n = 100(1+(100*0.0025)) =80
N e)
Sampling Procedure
In this study non probability sampling procedure was used particularly convenience sampling (CS) will used to select the sample. Respondents in any of the local government official and administrative experts or experience. An administrator of the local governance official under study from the list of qualified respondents chosen based on the inclusion criteria
Data Collection Technique
The data technique in this study was primary data
Data Collection Instrument
The study was used administered questionnaire method to collect data from the sample chosen because questionnaire can be used to collect the information
related to the feeling and attitudes of the people .therefore, this study is concerned with variables that cannot be found through observation such as feeling and options of the respondents, such information is best collection through questionnaire. .(Onen and Oso, 2008).
The selection of this tool has been guided by the nature of the data to be collected; the availability of time and the objective of the study.
Data Analysis
According to Statistical measures such as percentages and frequencies used to analyze closed ended questions/statements. These techniques are usually able to employ factual information about a situation to provide an understanding of performance levels. The data collected was edited for accuracy, consistency, uniformity and completeness and analyzed with the results presented in tables, bar charts and pie charts. After that, tabulated and analyzed using frequencies, percentages, mean scores and standard deviation measures by use of SPSS computer software application (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version20and Microsoft Excel.
Research Ethics
To carry out this study wholly as planned, the researcher was used of both personal and institutional data, therefore, the data gathered was kept confidential and the information collected for these companies was only be used for an academic purpose.
The researcher was required permission of the respondents who participated in the research for their consent in the intended study as such the researcher did not lie to subjects and record findings on hidden mechanical devices.
The researcher was made sure the researcher personal bias and opinions did not override other interests of the research and gave both sides fair consideration.
The findings were confidential; the condition of anonymity was assured to avoid embarrassing and harming respondents.
The researcher was required the approval of the university to make sure the research does not violate any ethical considerations. The respondents were inform the content and purpose of the research before administration of any instrument as maintained the above sections.
CHAPTER FOUR
DATA PRESENTATION
Introduction
This chapter focused on presentation and data analysis interpretation of the study, the researcher will investigate, the role of local government on the service of delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
In addition, this chapter covers, three parts of research the first part is introduction, the second parts are demographic of the respondents while third part is research questions interpretation and presented
Analysis of Demographic Data
The study required to establish the demographic data of the respondents. The researcher begun by a general analysis on the demographic data obtained from the respondents. This research targeted 100 participants in regard to the role of local government on the service of delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia and 80 questionnaires were generated. The shape of the demographic characteristics is comprised to the gender, age, educational level and experience of the respondents as summarized in tables below
Table 4.1 Gender of Respondents
Frequency Percent
Male 50 62.50
Female 30 37.50
Total 80 100.0Table 4.1 debates that (30) or 37.50 of the respondents were female, while (50) or 75.00 of the respondents were male. So the majority of the respondents were Male
4.2 Age of Respondent
Frequency Percent
15-25 40 50.00
26-35 30 37.50
36-49 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data: 2024
Table 4.2 shows the respondents participated the survey and questionnaire of this study were included different ages. the Findings mentioned that the uppermost of the respondents of 40 the population were between 15-25 years old which is equal of 50.0%, while those between 26-35 were 37.5% of 22 respondents from the survey participants, and the other one between 36-49 were 12.5% of 10 respondents, so the majority of the respondents were 15-25 or 50.0%
Table 4.3 Marital status of the respondents
Frequency Percent
Single 50 62.5
Married 30 37.5
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data: 2024
Table of 4.3 summarizes the Marital Status of the respondents. The results shown that single respondents were the most respondents of the distributed questionnaire and had the rate 50 (62.5%) the second respondents were married respondents which had the rate 30 (37.5%). Hence the majority of the respondents were single
Table 4.4 Educational level of the respondents
Frequency Percent
Secondary level 22 27.50
Diploma level 18 22.50
Bachelor degree 30 37.50
Master degree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data: 2024
This table 4.4 summarizes the level of education; the respondents are categorized, Secondary Level, Diploma, Bachelor Degree and Master Degree. First respondents were Secondary Level which had a respondent rate of 22 (27.50%), the second respondents were Diploma level which had a respondent rate of 18 (22.50%), The third respondents were Bachelor Degree which had the most respondent rate of 30 (37.5%), and the last one were is Master Degree
which had a respondent rate of 10 (12.50%), so the majority of the respondents were Bachelor (30) or 37.50%
4.2 Level Of local Governance
Table 4.6 Citizens enjoy Local governance Administration efficiently
Frequency Percent
Agree 24 30.0
Disagree 15 18.75
Strongly agree 20 25.0
Neutral 9 11.25
Strongly disagree 12 15.00
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
According to the table 4.6 a total of 80 respondents were participated the responses, the Table points out that 20 (25.0%) strongly agreed, 24 respondents (30.0%) agreed, 9 respondents (11.25 %) were neutral, 15 respondents (18.75%) disagreed and only 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagree, the majority of the respondents were Agree 24 (30.0%)
Table 4.7. The local governance authority is always supported financially by the central government
Frequency Percent
Agree 24 30.00
Disagree 10 12.50
Strongly agree 23 28.75
Neutral 11 13.75
Strongly disagree 12 15.0
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data 2024
From the above Table 4.7 points out that that 24 respondents (30.0%) agreed, 23 respondents (28.75%) strongly agreed, 11 respondents (13.75%) became
neutral, 10 respondents (12.5%) disagreed and 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, most of the respondents Strongly agreed.
Table 4.8 Mechanism for participation, responsiveness, equity, inclusiveness, transparency, and accountability
Frequency Percent
Agree 28 35.0
Disagree 8 10.00
Strongly agree 16 20.00
Neutral 12 15.00
Strongly disagree 16 20.0
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.8 the result from the collected data shows that 16 (20.0%) strongly agreed, 28 respondents (30.0%) agreed, 12 respondents (15.0%) became neutral, 8 respondents (10.0%) disagreed and also another 16 respondents (20.0%) strongly disagreed, Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed.
Table 4.9 Collaborative stakeholder relationships exist in Local governance
Administration
Frequency Percent
Agree 20 25.00
Disagree 24 30.00
Strongly agree 16 20.00
Neutral 8 10.00
Strongly disagree 12 15.00
Total 80 100.00Source: Primary Data 2024
From the above Table 4.9 points out that that 20 respondents (25.0%) agreed,
16 respondents (20.00%) strongly agreed, 8 respondents (10.0%) became neutral, 24 respondents (30.0%) disagreed and 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, most of the respondents disagree
Table 4.10 The local governance administration promotes the personal participant of citizens to clearance of the city
Frequency Percent
Agree 26 32.50
Disagree 10 12.50
Strongly agree 24 30.0
Neutral 12 15.00
Strongly disagree 8 10.0
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.10 the result from the collected data shows that 26 (32.50%) agreed, 24 respondents (30.0%) strongly agreed, 12 respondents (15.00%) became neutral, 10 respondents (12.50%) disagreed and also another 8 respondents (10.00%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed
Table 4.11. Participatory decision-making process is always open and fair to every High memberr
Frequency Percent
Agree 23 28.75
Disagree 13 16.25
Strongly agree 18 22.50
Neutral 14 17.50
Strongly disagree 12 15.00
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data 2024
Table 4.11 illustrates that 23 (28.75%) of the respondents agreed, 18 respondents
(22.50%) strongly agreed, 14 respondents (17.5%) became neutral, 13 respondents (16.25%) disagreed, and only 12 of the respondents (15.00%) strongly disagreed, Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed.
Table 4.12 Efficient, effective, and responsive service in your local governance are always practiced in your administration
Frequency Percent
Agree 20 25.0
Disagree 16 20.0
Strongly agree 20 25.0
Neutral 14 17.50
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
According to the table 4.12, a total of 80 respondents were participated the Table points out that 20 (25.0%) strongly agreed, 20 respondents (25.0%) agreed, 14
respondents (17.5%) became neutral, 16 respondents (20.0%) disagreed and
only 10 respondent (12.5%) strongly disagreed.
Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed and strongly agrees.
Table 4.13 The citizens always have freedom of expression
Frequency Percent
Agree 28 35.0
Disagree 8 10.00
Strongly agree 20 25.0
Neutral 14 17.50
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
\For the above table 4.13 the result from the collected data shows that 20 respondents (25.0%) strongly agreed, that 28 respondents (35.0%) agreed, 14
respondents (17.5%) became neutral, 8 respondents (10.0%) disagreed and 10 respondents (12.5%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed.
Table 4.14 The citizens always respect the rules and regulation of local governance orders
Frequency Percent
Agree 30 37.50
Disagree 10 12.50
Strongly agree 22 27.50
Neutral 10 12.50
Strongly disagree 8 10.0
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
Table 4.14 clarifies that 22 (27.5%) of the respondents strongly agreed, 30
respondents (37.50%) agreed, that 10 respondents (12.5%) became neutral, 10 respondents (12.5%) disagreed, and only 8 of the respondents (10.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed.
Table 4.15 The local governance administration management is free from corruption
Frequency Percent
Agree 22 27.50
Disagree 12 15.00
Strongly agree 26 32.50
Neutral 8 10.00
Strongly disagree 12 15.00
Total 80 100.0
Source: primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.15 the result from the collected data shows that 26 respondents (32.5%) strongly agreed, 22 respondents (27.5%) agreed, 8
respondents (10.0%) became neutral, 12 respondents (15.0%) disagreed and 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents are strongly agree
Table 4.16 ensuring availability and access to health service is one of the main functions of your administration
Frequency Percent
Agree 20 25.0
Disagree 11 13.75
Strongly agree 29 36.25
Neutral 10 12.50
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0
Source: primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.16 the result from the collected data shows that 29 respondents (36.25%) strongly agreed, 20 respondents (25.0%) agreed, 10
respondents (12.5%) became neutral, 11 respondents (13.75%) disagreed and 10respondents (12.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents strongly agree.
Table 4.17 The physical access and reach ability of services have met a minimum standard
Frequency Percent
Agree 22 27.50
Disagree 8 10.00
Strongly agree 28 35.00
Neutral 12 15.00
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0Source: Primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.17 the result from the collected data shows that 28 respondents (35.0%) strongly agreed, 22 respondents (27.5%) agreed, 12
respondents (15.0%) became neutral, 8 respondents (10.0%) disagreed and 10 respondents (12.5%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents strongly agree.
Table 4.18 Increasing inputs lead to improved service delivery and enhanced access to services
Frequency Percent
Agree 25 31.25
Disagree 23 28.75
Strongly agree 12 15.00
Neutral 11 13.75
Strongly disagree 9 11.25
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
Table 4.18 illustrates that 25 (31.25%) of the respondents agreed, 12
respondents (15.0%) strongly agreed, 11 respondents (13.75%) became neutral,
23 respondents (28.75%) disagreed, and only 9 of the respondents (11.25%) strongly disagreed, Therefore, the majority of the respondents Agree.
Table 4.19 Delivery is always an immediate output of the inputs in to the health system
Frequency Percent
Agree 30 37.50
Disagree 10 12.50
Strongly agree 21 26.25
Neutral 10 12.50
Strongly disagree 9 11.25
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
Table 4.19 the result from the collected data shows that 30 (37.5.0%) agreed, that One of the few negative consequences of leaving my job at this organization would be the scarcity of available alternative elsewhere 21 respondents (26.25%) strongly agreed, 10 respondents (12.5%) became neutral, 10
respondents (12.5%) disagreed and also another 9 respondents (11.25%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed
Table 4.20 Local governance gives access to the citizen’s free education
Frequency Percent
Agree 21 26.25
Disagree 11 13.75
Strongly agree 10 13.00
Neutral 11 13.75
Strongly disagree 27 33.75
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.20 the result from the collected data shows that 27 (33.75%) strongly agreed, 21 respondents (26.25%) agreed, 11 respondents (13.75%) became neutral, 11 respondents (13.75%) disagreed and also another 10 respondents (12.5%) strongly disagreed, Therefore, the majority of the respondents Strongly agree.
Table 4.21 Equipment, drugs and commodities, health, housing and infrastructure, sewages and clear water
Frequency Percent
Agree 20 25.00
Disagree 24 30.00
Strongly agree 16 20.00
Neutral 8 10.00
Strongly disagree 12 15.00
Total 80 100.00Source: Primary Data 2024
From the above Table 4.21points out that that 20 respondents (25.0%) agreed,
16 respondents (20.00%) strongly agreed, 8 respondents (10.0%) became neutral, 24 respondents (30.0%) disagreed and 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, most of the respondents disagree
Table 4.22 The extent to which the service is affordable always depends on the client’s ability
Frequency Percent
Agree 22 27.50
Disagree 8 10.00
Strongly agree 28 35.00
Neutral 12 15.00
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.22 the result from the collected data shows that 28 respondents (35.0%) strongly agreed, 22 respondents (27.5%) agreed, 12
respondents (15.0%) became neutral, 8 respondents (10.0%) disagreed and 10 respondents (12.5%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents strongly agree.
Table 4.23 Public service projects frequently encounter implementation
Frequency Percent
Agree 21 26.25
Disagree 11 13.75
Strongly agree 27 33.75
Neutral 11 13.75
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0Source: primary Data 2024
For the above table 4.23 the result from the collected data shows that 27 (33.75%) strongly agreed, 21 respondents (26.25%) agreed, 11 respondents (13.75%) became neutral, 11 respondents (13.75%) disagreed and also another 10 respondents (12.5%) strongly disagreed, Therefore, the majority of the respondents Strongly agree.
Table 4.24 Re-examination of the local government could become a first step towards establishing productive partnership
Frequency Percent
Agree 30 37.50
Disagree 10 12.50
Strongly agree 21 26.25
Neutral 10 12.50
Strongly disagree 9 11.25
Total 80 100.0
Source: Primary Data 2024
Table 4.24 the result from the collected data shows that 30 (37.5.0%) agreed, that One of the few negative consequences of leaving my job at this organization would be the
scarcity of available alternative elsewhere 21 respondents (26.25%) strongly agreed, 10 respondents (12.5%) became neutral, 10
respondents (12.5%) disagreed and also another 9 respondents (11.25%) strongly disagreed. Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed
Table 4.25 Service predominantly has a socio-psychological dimension which can be measured.
Frequency Percent
Agree 20 25.0
Disagree 16 20.0
Strongly agree 20 25.0
Neutral 14 17.50
Strongly disagree 10 12.50
Total 80 100.0
Source: primary Data 2024
According to the table 4.25, a total of 80 respondents were participated the Table points out that 20 (25.0%) strongly agreed, 20 respondents (25.0%) agreed, 14
respondents (17.5%) became neutral, 16 respondents (20.0%) disagreed and
only 10 respondent (12.5%) strongly disagreed.
Therefore, the majority of the respondents agreed and strongly agrees.
CHAPTER FIVE CONCLUSION
Introduction
This Chapter suggests conclusion and recommendation for the research that have been done.
Conclusion
The Local governance’s role in the political system has been considered primarily in terms of the relationship with the central government. Observers from a liberal democratic standpoint have stressed two bases upon which such relationships have been formulated since the nineteenth century. First, local governance has been considered important to the encouragement of political public activities basis upon which services could be provided according to local needs.
The general objective of the study is to determine the role of local government on the service of delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia. The researcher specifically forced on to examine the effect of local governance capacity building on public service deliver in Garowe Puntland, Somalia. To determine the level of public service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia. To establish if there is a significant relationship between the level of local governance and effective public service delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.
Methodology: The research design was used Descriptive Design the characteristics of respondents and correlation in an attempt to collect data from members of a population in order to determine the current status of that population in respect to one or more variables. The study will be conducted in Garowe and its departments with a population of about (100) respondents. And
sample size 80 The target population was the local governance officials and civilians. According to Statistical measures such as percentages and frequencies used to analyze closed ended questions/statements. These techniques are usually able to employ factual information about a situation to provide an understanding of performance levels.
According to the result from the collected data shows that 20 (25.0%) strongly agreed, 24 respondents (30.0%) agreed, 9 respondents (11.25 %) were neutral,
15 respondents (18.75%) disagreed and only 12 respondents (15.0%) strongly disagree, the majority of the respondents were
Agree 24 (30.0%). The findings mentioned above indicate that the largest aspects of the respondents are pleased with that The Citizens enjoy Local governance Administration efficiently in Garowe. Therefore, the most majority of the respondents are agreed
Based on the findings of this study, it can be concluded that there is a significant relationship between local governance and public service delivery in the Garowe Puntland Somalia. The study found that the capacity development of local governance positively affects the delivery of public services in the region. However, the study also identified several challenges that are affecting public service delivery in the Garowe. These challenges include corruption, lack of resources, inadequate infrastructure, and political instability. These challenges need to be addressed in order to improve public service delivery in the region.
Recommendation
In light of these findings, the following recommendations are made:
⦁ Strengthen capacity development programs for local governance in the Garowe. This can be done through training, mentorship, and providing resources to enhance the skills and abilities of local governance officials.
⦁ Address corruption and promote transparency and accountability in the delivery of public services. This can be achieved through effective monitoring
and oversight mechanisms, as well as promoting a culture of integrity and ethical behavior among public officials.
⦁ Allocate sufficient resources to improve infrastructure and public service facilities in the in Garowe. This will enable the effective delivery of services such as healthcare, education, and water supply.
⦁ Promote stability and peace in the region through political reconciliation and dialogue. This will create an enabling environment for the effective functioning of local governance institutions and the delivery of public services. In conclusion, improving local governance capacity, addressing challenges, and establishing a strong relationship between local governance and public service delivery are crucial steps towards enhancing the overall development and well- being in Garowe.
To Local Government
The local government should have the potential of being a key channel for two way information gathering and dissemination it should more effective with greater use of EIC materials e.g. local radios, publications and announcements in Islamic centers, mosques and public gatherings.
To The Local Leaders
Local leaders should follow by laws that can strongly strengthen the existing laws such that education and Health ordinances can be supported and implemented by all stakeholders at community level.in Garowe headquarters do perform their duties efficiently.
To the International Community
The international community should setup rules and policies that favor local governance activities so that improvement of public service delivery is realized
in the end and this can be done through setting up accountability policies governing local governments.
REFERENCES
J.M. Kauzya (2000): “Local governance, Health and nutrition for All: Problem Magnitude and challenges with Examples from Uganda and Rwanda” A pape presented during the Global Forum on local Governance and Social Services for All (Stockholm, Sweden.
Kimenyi, M. (1997). Ethnic Diversity and the State: The African Dilemma, The Shaftesbury Papers 12, The Locke Institute: Edward Elgar Publishing.
Kimenyi, M. and P. Meagher (2004). Devolution and Development Governance Prospects in Decentralizing
States: Governance Prospects in Decentralizing States, Ashgate
James N. (1992) Rosenau: Editor (with Ernst-Otto Czempiel), Governance Without Government: Order and Change in World Politics (Cambridge University Press
James N. Rosenau (1980): The Dramas of Political Life: An Introduction to the Problems of Governance (Duxbury, MA: Duxbury Press.
James N. Rosenau: (1997) Along the Domestic-Foreign Frontier: Exploring Governance in a Turbulent World (Cambridge University Press.
GoranHyden; (1999): African Perspectives on Governance (October 1999, Africa World Press)
Somali constitutions (1960) published in official Bulletin No.1 of 1 July 1960 Somali constitutions of peace agreement in Djibouti (2008)
GoranHyden and Michael Bratton (1992): Governance and politics in Africa, (January, 1992 Lynne Rienner Publishers).
ApoloNsibambi (1998): Decentralization and Civil Society in Uganda: The Quest for Good Governance (Fontana Publishers, Kampala.
Otobo (1999): “Globalization, economic governance, and African Countries” during the Expert Group Meeting organized by the United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs.
Angel (2019): Concept of local governance services. Journal of social science and development.
APENDIX
I’m student’s conducting research on “the role of local government on the service of delivery in Garowe Puntland, Somalia.” The research is in partial fulfilment of the requirements for a bachelor degree. I respectfully ask that you respond to the questions honestly and completely after receiving your informed consent. The data will only be used for academic purposes, and it was treat with maximum confidentiality. I appreciate your thoughtful assistance.
Your faithfully.
SECTION A: BACKGROUND INFORMATION
⦁ Marital status of the respondents
⦁ Single
⦁ Married
⦁ Educational level of the respondents
⦁ Deploma
⦁ Bachelor
Degree
⦁ Master
SECTION B:
Please Read the following statements and check the box that best reflects your opinion of the statement.
Where, 1= Strongly Disagree (SD), 2= Disagree(D), 3=Neutral(N)4= Agree(A), 4= Strongly Agree
(SA)
N
o The role of local Government SD D N A SA
Statement 1 2 3 4 5
1 Citizens enjoy Local governance Administration efficiently
2 The local governance authority is always supported financially by the central government
3 Mechanism for participation, responsiveness, equity, inclusiveness, transparency, and accountability
4 Collaborative stakeholder relationships exist in Local governance
Administration
5 The local governance administration promotes the personal participant
of citizens to clearance of the city
6 Participatory decision-making process is always open and fair to every
High memberr
7 Efficient, effective, and responsive service in your local governance
are always practiced in your administration
8 The citizens always have freedom of expression
9 The citizens always respect the rules and regulation of local governance orders
10 The local governance administration management is free from
corruption
thank you click
